The flesh pigmentation of farmed Atlantic salmon is fashioned by accumulation of carotenoids derived from industrial diets. In the salmon gastrointestinal system, the hindgut is taken into account important in the processes of carotenoids uptake and metabolism. In Tasmania, flesh color depletion can noticeably have an effect on farmed Atlantic salmon at completely different ranges of severity following extraordinarily sizzling summers.
In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was carried out to research the discount in flesh pigmentation. Library preparation is a key step that considerably impacts the effectiveness of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) experiments. Besides the generally used complete transcript RNA-Seq methodology, the 3′ mRNA-Seq methodology is being utilized extensively, owing to its diminished value, enabling extra repeats to be sequenced at the expense of decrease decision.
Therefore, the output of the Illumina TruSeq equipment (complete transcript RNA-Seq) and the Lexogen QuantSeq equipment (3′ mRNA-Seq) was analyzed to establish genes in the Atlantic salmon hindgut which are differentially expressed (DEGs) between two flesh color phenotypes. each strategies, DEGs between the two color phenotypes have been related to metallic ion transport, oxidation-reduction processes, and immune responses.
We additionally discovered DEGs associated to lipid metabolism in the QuantSeq methodology. In the TruSeq methodology, a missense mutation was detected in DEGs in completely different flesh color traits. The quantity of DEGs discovered in the TruSeq libraries was a lot larger than the QuantSeq; nonetheless, the pattern of DEGs in each library strategies was related and validated by qPCR.
First Report of Little cherry virus 1 Infecting Sweet Cherry in Ontario, Canada
The Niagara fruit belt is one of the richest fruit-producing areas in Canada, contributing to 90% of Ontario’s tender fruits reminiscent of peach, plum and candy cherry. Little cherry virus 1 (LCV1) of the genus Velarivirus is a causal agent of little cherry illness which has devastated cherry crops in many areas (Eastwell and Bernardy 1998, Jelkmann and Eastwell, 2011).
From 2013 to 2018, foliar signs indicative of viral an infection reminiscent of leaf deformation, ringspot, mottling, vein clearing, and reddening have been discovered on candy cherry bushes grown in the Niagara area. To decide if these bushes have been contaminated by a virus, small RNAs (sRNAs) have been remoted from individually pooled asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves utilizing the mirPremier microRNA isolation equipment (Sigma Aldrich Canada, Oakville, ON).
The sRNAs have been used to create two libraries (4 leaves per library) with the TruSeq Small RNA Sample Prep Kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA). The sRNA libraries have been individually sequenced with the MiSeq Desktop Sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, CA). In whole, 5,380,196 reads have been obtained and Trimmomatic (Bolger et al. 2014) was used to take away adaptors.
The remaining 4,733,804 clear reads have been assembled into contigs utilizing Velvet 0.7.31 and Oases 0.2.09 (Schulz et al. 2012) with minimal size of 75 nt (Supplementary Table 1). A BLASTn search (Altschul et al. 1997) of the contigs recognized the presence of Cherry virus A (genus: Capillovirus), two members of the Ilarvirus genus (Prunus necrotic ringspot virus and Prune dwarf virus) in each libraries. LCV1 was solely discovered in contigs derived from the symptomatic library.
Of the clear reads, 22,016 have been assembled into six contigs (with lengths starting from 86 to 116 nt, Supplementary Table 1) mapping to LCV1, protecting 7.07% of the viral genome. To affirm LCV1 an infection, primers have been designed from the assembled contigs and used for reverse transcription polymerase chain response (RT-PCR).
Amplicons have been sequenced and the terminal sequences have been decided utilizing 5′ and three’ RACE Systems (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON). Degenerate primers have been designed from a number of sequence alignments of printed LCV1 genomes for amplification and primer strolling to acquire the sequence of LCV1 (Table S2). The full genome sequence of LCV1 has a size of 16,934 nt and was deposited in GenBank .
A BLASTn search confirmed that this isolate is sort of similar (99.6% sequence identification) to an isolate from California . To decide the incidence of an infection, a discipline survey was carried out at the similar location throughout spring months of 2014 to 2018 utilizing RT-PCR with primers particular to the viral coat protein gene (Supplementary Tale 2).
Among 46 cherry bushes sampled, two (4.3%) bushes have been contaminated with LCV1 and confirmed adverse outcomes with CVA, PNRSV and PDV. Both bushes displayed delicate suturing of major and secondary veins (Supplementary Figure 1).
LCV1 has been recognized in Western stone fruit producing areas (British Columbia in Canada, and Washington, California, and Oregon in the United States of America). To the greatest of our data, that is the first report of LCV1 in any japanese area of Canada. The low incidence of LCV1 means that this virus shouldn’t be widespread in this area. Routine monitoring and detection of LCV1 is required to forestall this devastating cherry illness from spreading in this area.
Streptococcus, Centrocestus formosanus and Myxobolus tilapiae concurrent infections in farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Stress triggered concurrent microbial/parasitic infections are prevalent in earthen pond based mostly farmed Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. In the present study, a complete of thirty 5 O. niloticus have been collected from a industrial fish farm with a historical past of extreme mortalities at Port Said, Egypt. Nile tilapia samples have been subjected to bacteriological, parasitological and pathological examinations.
Twenty one Enterococcus fecalis and 15 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates have been presumptively recognized using the semi-automated API 20 Strept take a look at equipment. The identities of the retrieved micro organism have been confirmed by the sequencing of 16 S rRNA gene.
Moribund O. niloticus have been discovered to be closely contaminated by one or each of Centrocestus formosanus encysted metacercariae (EMC) and/or Myxobolus tilapiae spores presenting a singular type of synergistic and/or symbiotic relationship.
The identities of each parasites have been confirmed by morphological and molecular characterization. Variable circulatory, degenerative, necrotic and proliferative modifications have been additionally seen in hematopoietic organs. Interestingly, a number of myxobolus spores and EMC have been seen in some histological sections.
SequaGel Sequencing System 2.2L Kit |
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| NAT1138 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | EACH | 283.2 EUR |
Chymotrypsin for Sequencing grade |
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| C4001-010 | GenDepot | 4x25ug | 375.6 EUR |
Chymotrypsin for Sequencing grade |
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| C4001-100 | GenDepot | 100ug | 343.2 EUR |
PCR Clean Up for DNA Sequencing |
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| BT5100 | Bio Basic | 100preps | 114.82 EUR |
PCR Clean Up for DNA Sequencing |
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| BT5101 | Bio Basic | 1000Preps, 1000prep | 553.3 EUR |
ACES Sequencing Buffer 10X, pH 7.7 |
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| 21420000-1 | Bio-WORLD | 1 L | 138.62 EUR |
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Description: 2- (N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid) buffer |
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ACES Sequencing Buffer 10X, pH 7.7 |
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| 21420000-2 | Bio-WORLD | 4 L | 456.17 EUR |
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Description: 2- (N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid) buffer |
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| 40121072-1 | Bio-WORLD | 100 mL | 26.54 EUR |
TBE-Buffer 5X for DNA Sequencing |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade |
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| IBOTRYSEQ1MG | Innovative research | each | 765 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade |
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| IBOTRYSEQ400UG | Innovative research | each | 419 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade |
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EpiNext Bisulfite Sequencing Kit (Illumina) |
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| P-1056 | EpiGentek |
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DNA Library Prep Kit for IIlumina Sequencing |
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| K1475-12 | Biovision | 12 Rxns | 576 EUR |
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| IBOTRYSEQLY100UG | Innovative research | each | 130 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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| IBOTRYSEQLY1MG | Innovative research | each | 640 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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| IBOTRYSEQLY400UG | Innovative research | each | 344 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Trypsin Purified Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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MagaDye™ 4 Color Sanger Sequencing Terminator Kit |
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| 17068 | AAT Bioquest | 5 nmoles | 2091 EUR |
Bovine Alpha Chymotrypsin 3X Crystallized TLCK Treated Sequencing Grade |
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| IBOCHYTLCKSG100UG | Innovative research | each | 297 EUR |
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Description: Bovine Alpha Chymotrypsin 3X Crystallized TLCK Treated Sequencing Grade |
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| IBCTV8SEQLY250UG | Innovative research | each | 784 EUR |
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Description: Bacteria-Derived V8 Protease (Endoprotease Glu-C) Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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Bacteria-Derived V8 Protease (Endoprotease Glu-C) Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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| IBCTV8SEQLY50UG | Innovative research | each | 304 EUR |
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Description: Bacteria-Derived V8 Protease (Endoprotease Glu-C) Sequencing Grade Lyophilized |
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| IBCTCLOSGPF10UG | Innovative research | each | 165 EUR |
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Description: Bacteria-Derived Clostripain (Endoproteinase-Arg-C) Sequencing Grade Purified |
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SEPTA MAT, FOR 96 WELL PCR PLATES, SILICONE, GREY, NONSTERILE, FOR ABI MULTI-CAPILLARY SEQUENCING INSTRUMENTS, BULK |
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| AM-96-SEPTA-3100 | CORNING | 10/pk | 639.6 EUR |
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Description: Sealing Products; Sealing mats - Axygen |
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Human Stem Cell Primer Library |
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| HSCL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Rat Cytokine Primer Library I |
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| RCA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
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| RCA-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
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| RNFKB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Cell Cycle Primer Library |
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| MCC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse DNA Repair Primer Library I |
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| MDRL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse DNA Repair Primer Library II |
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| MDRL-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human DNA Repair Primer Library I |
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| HDRL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human DNA Repair Primer Library II |
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| HDRL-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Cell Cycle Primer Library |
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| HCC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Rat Autophagy Primer Library |
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| RATPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Oncogene Primer Library |
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| MONC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Cytokine Primer Library I |
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| MCA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
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| MCA-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse NFKappaB Primer Library |
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| MNFKB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Cytokine Primer Library I |
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| HCA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Cytokine Primer Library II |
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| HCA-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Melanoma Primer Library |
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| HMEL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human NFKappaB Primer Library |
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| HNFKB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Oncogene Primer Library |
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| HONC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Apoptosis Primer Library |
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| MPA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse Autophagy Primer Library |
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| MATPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Autophagy Primer Library |
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| HATPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Brain Cancer Primer Library |
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| HBRC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Colon Cancer Primer Library I |
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| HCCP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Colon Cancer Primer Library II |
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| HCCP-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Liver Cancer Primer Library |
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| HLCPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Lung Cancer PCR Primer Library |
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| HLUCPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Apoptosis Primer Library |
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| HPA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Rat Bdnf Signaling Primer Library |
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| RBDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Rat Gdnf Signaling Primer Library |
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| RGDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Ras Signaling Primer Library |
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| MRAS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse p53 Signaling Primer Library |
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| MTPS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse WNT Signaling Primer Library |
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| MWNT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse BMP Signaling Primer Library |
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| MBMP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Homeobox Gene Primer Library |
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| HHOX-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human BMP Signaling Primer Library |
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| HBMP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Cell Adhesion Primer Library |
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| HCAD-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Ras Signaling Primer Library |
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| HRAS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Schwann Cell PCR Primer Library |
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| HSCH-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human TNF Signaling Primer Library |
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| HTNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human p53 Signaling Primer Library |
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| HTPS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human WNT Signaling Primer Library |
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| HWNT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Gdnf Signaling Primer Library |
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| MGDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Tumor Immunity Primer Library |
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| MTIMU-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Bdnf Signaling Primer Library |
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| MBDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse CREB Signaling Primer Library |
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| MCREB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse EGFR Signaling Primer Library |
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| MEGFR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human EGFR Signaling Primer Library |
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| HEGFR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human ERBB Signaling Primer Library |
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| HERBB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Gastric Cancer Primer Library |
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| HGCPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human GDNF Signaling Primer Library |
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| HGDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human IL17 Signaling Primer Library |
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| HIL17-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human BDNF Signaling Primer Library |
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| HBDNF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Bladder Cancer Primer Library |
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| HBLCP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human cAMP Signaling Primer Library |
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| HCAMP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Cancer Pathway Primer Library |
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| HCAN-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human CREB Signaling Primer Library |
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| HCREB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Necroptosis Primer Library |
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| HNCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Ovarian Cancer Primer Library |
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| HOVCL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human PDGF Signaling Primer Library |
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| HPDGF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human SMAD Signaling Primer Library |
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| HSMAD-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Tumor Immunity Primer Library |
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| HTIMU-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human VEGF Signaling Primer Library |
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| HVEGF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Rat Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
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| ROSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Hippo Signaling Primer Library |
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| MHPO-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Notch Signaling Primer Library |
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| MNOT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse TGF Beta Signaling Primer Library |
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| MTGFB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Angiogenesis Primer Library |
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| MAPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Mouse Adipogenesis Primer Library |
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| MADG-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Jak/Stat Signaling Primer Library |
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| MJAK-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Hippo Signaling Primer Pathway |
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| HHPO-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Heat Shock Protein Primer Library |
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| HHSP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 891.6 EUR |
Human Adipogenesis Primer Library |
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| HADG-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Angiogenesis Primer Library |
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| HAPL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Cancer Driver Gene I Primer Library |
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| HCDG-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Cancer Driver Gene II Primer Library |
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| HCDG-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human JAK/STAT Signaling Primer Library |
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| HJAK-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Osteogenesis Primer Library |
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| HOST-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Prostate Cancer Primer Library |
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| HPRC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Cytoskeleton Primer Library |
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| HSCK-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human TGF Beta Signaling Primer Library |
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| HTGFB-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
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| MOSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Drug Transporter I Primer Library |
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| HDTP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Endothelial Cell Primer Library |
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| HEND-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Oxidative Stress Primer Library |
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| HOSL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Rat Glucose Metabolism Primer Library |
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| RGLM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Rat Integrin Signaling Primer Library |
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| RINT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 1008 EUR |
Mouse Hypoxia Signaling Primer Library |
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| MHYP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse PI3K-AKT Signaling Primer Library |
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| MAKT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse DNA Damage Signaling Primer Library |
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| MDDS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse MAP Kinase Signaling Primer Library |
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| MMAP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Hypoxia Signaling Primer Library |
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| HHYP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Insulin Signaling Primer Library |
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| HINS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human PI3K-AKT Signaling Primer Library |
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| HAKT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Alzheimer's Disease Primer Library |
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| HAZD-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Pancreatic Cancer Primer Library |
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| HPANC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Parkinson's Disease Primer Library |
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| HPKD-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Glucose Metabolism Primer Library |
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| MGLM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Integrin Signaling Primer Library |
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| MINT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 891.6 EUR |
Mouse Fatty Liver Signaling Primer Library |
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| MFTL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Estrogen Signaling Primer Library |
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| HESR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Glucose Metabolism Primer Library |
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| HGLM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Hedgehog Signaling Primer Library |
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| HHOG-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Integrin Signaling Primer Library |
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| HINT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Amino Acid Metabolism Primer Library |
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| HAMM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Androgen Signaling Primer Library |
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| HAND-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Atherosclerosis Primer Library |
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| HATH-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Rat Ubiquitin Metabolism Primer Library |
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| RUBM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Adherin - Tight Junction Primer Library |
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| MATJ-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human FGF Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| HFGF-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Adherin - Tight Junction Primer Library |
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| HATJ-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Ligand Gated Ion Channels Primer Library |
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| HLGI-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 891.6 EUR |
Human NK Cell Mediated Toxicity Primer Library |
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| HNKT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Nitric Oxide Signaling Primer Library |
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| HNOS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Retinoblastoma Gene Primer Library |
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| HRBG-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Rho GTPase-Signaling Primer Library |
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| HRGTP-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Signal Transduction Primer Library |
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| HSTL-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Breast Cancer Signaling Primer Library |
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| HBRCA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Chromatin Regulation Primer Library |
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| HCHR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse T-Cell Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| MTCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Focal Adhesion Signaling Primer Library |
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| HFCA-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human B-Cell Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| HBCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human T-Cell Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| HTCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Tumor Invasion/Metastasis Primer Library |
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| MTIM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human Fatty Acid and Lipid Metabolism Primer Library |
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| HFLM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Interferon Type I Signaling Primer Library |
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| HIFN-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Interferon Type II Signaling Primer Library |
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| HIFN-II | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Tumor Invasion/Metastasis Primer Library |
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| HTIM-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 540 EUR |
Human T-Cell Anergy/Immune Tolerance Primer Library |
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| HTAIT-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Th1 and Th2 Cell Differentiation Primer Library |
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| HTHD-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Toll-like Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| newitem | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Toll-like Receptor Signaling Primer Library |
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| HTLR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Rat Neurotransmitter Signaling Primer Library |
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| RNTS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Cytokine and Chemokine Receptor Primer Library |
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| MCCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Mouse Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell Primer Library |
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| MMDSC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Actin Cytoskeleton Signaling Primer Library |
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| HACS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Adaptive & Innate Immune Response Primer Library |
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| HAIIR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Human Cytokine and Chemokine Receptor Primer Library |
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| HCCR-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 774 EUR |
Human Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell Primer Library |
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| HMDSC-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
Mouse Neurotransmitter Signaling Primer Library |
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| MNTS-I | Real Time Primers | 1 set | 657.6 EUR |
It was apparent that the present concurrent bacterial and parasitic infections are triggered by the deleterious results of some stressing environmental circumstances. The unfavorable weather conditions (excessive temperature and excessive relative humidity) recorded at the surge of mortalities are possible predisposing stress elements.